Chemical Modification of Biochar: Advancing Carbon Sequestration and Environmental Applications

Abstract

Biochar is a carbon-rich substance derived from different types of organic waste, such as agricultural and urban garbage. Biochar has recently attracted more attention due to its unique properties, which include a high carbon percentage and cation exchange capacity, stable structure, and large specific surface area. It is also playing an important role in mitigating the adverse effects of climate change and global warming on the Earth, as it can help reducing  the emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere and capture the release of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Biomass energy is often considered carbon neutral since plants absorb carbon dioxide while growing, and it is now considered an important tool to store carbon in the form of biomass or biochar. Chemically modified biochar has promising applications in climate change mitigation, carbon sequestration, and capturing industrial CO₂. Advances in hybrid materials, nanotechnology, and biochar-based CCS systems demonstrate a novel method for increasing biochar’s efficiency and stability. Using chemically altered biochar for carbon sequestration can play an important role in mitigating the effect of climate change, and in this review paper we will discuss about recent advancement in chemical modification of biochar and its environmental application.